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- Marine microbes have three major lifestyles: the planktonic lifestyle (free-living), sessile lifestyle (biofilm-associated), and symbiosis (e.g., intracellular bacterial symbionts).
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Feb 28, 2022 · Marine microorganisms comprise all three domains of life: bacteria, archaea, and eukarya, as well as the viruses as another important biological entity. They are the engines and engineers of marine ecosystems and are at the basis of the marine foodweb (Kirchman 2000 , 2008 ).
The Ocean Microbiome and Marine Life. The ocean is teeming with life, both macro and micro, where their adaptation and success are dependent on both a local and global scale. Oceanic microorganisms have major roles in nutrient cycling, ecological interactions, and influence and respond to environmental changes (Doney et al., 2012).
The microbes presented originate from all three domains of life: Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya. The second part sheds some light on the different communities: it describes marine habitats and how their inhabitants control biogeochemical cycles.
In fact, microbes exist in all three domains of life. There are microbes that are bacteria, microbes that are archaea, and microbes that are part of the more complex domain that plants and animals are a part of—the eukaryotes.
Animals are not drawn to scale. Marine animals share the sea with a vast diversity of microorganisms, including protists, bacteria, archaea, fungi, and viruses which comprise millions of cells in each milliliter of the 1.3 billion km 3 of water comprising the oceans ( Eakins and Sharman, 2010 ).
Microorganisms are found almost everywhere, thriving in the high seas, coral reefs, estuaries, mangroves, polar ice, deep-sea trenches, on and under rocks, in stomachs, on gills, fins, claws and even plastics. They are billions in each liter of seawater and, although tiny, they present an astonishing genetic and morphological diversity.
