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Victor-Marie Hugo, vicomte Hugo [1] ( French: [viktɔʁ maʁi yɡo] ⓘ; 26 February 1802 – 22 May 1885), sometimes nicknamed the Ocean Man, was a French Romantic writer and politician. During a literary career that spanned more than sixty years, he wrote in a variety of genres and forms.
- The Hunchback of Notre-Dame
The Hunchback of Notre-Dame (French: Notre-Dame de Paris,...
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- Jeanne Hugo
Léopoldine Clémence Adèle Lucie Jeanne Hugo (29 September...
- Joseph Léopold Sigisbert Hugo
Joseph Léopold Sigisbert Hugo (15 November 1773 – 29 January...
- Charles Hugo
Charles-Victor Hugo (4 November 1826 – 13 March 1871) was a...
- Les Contemplations
Les Contemplations (The Contemplations) is a song and...
- Absolutism
King Louis XIV of France, often considered by historians as...
- The Story of Adele H
The Story of Adèle H. (French: L'Histoire d'Adèle H.) is a...
- The Hunchback of Notre-Dame
- Life
- Writings
- Political Life and Exile
- Religious Views
- Victor Hugo and Music
- Declining Years and Death
- Drawings
- Memorials
- Works
- References
Victor Hugo was the son of Joseph Léopold Sigisbert Hugo (1773–1828) and Sophie Trébuchet (1772-1821). He had two older brothers called Abel Joseph Hugo (1798–1855) and Eugène Hugo (1800–1837). He was born in 1802, in Besançon (in the Doubs department). Hugo lived in France for most of his life. During the reign of Napoleon III he went into exile. ...
François-René de Chateaubriand, the famous Romantic writer, influenced Hugo during the early 1800s. When Hugo was young, he said he would be Chateaubriand ou rien (“Chateaubriand or nothing”). Many things Chateaubriand did, Hugo copied. First, he defended the cause of Romanticism. Then, he became involved in politics and supported Republicanism. Fi...
After three unsuccessful attempts, Hugo was finally elected to the Académie française in 1841, confirming his position in the world of French arts and letters. A group of French scholars, particularly Etienne de Jouy, were fighting against the "romantic evolution" and had managed to delay Victor Hugo's election. After that he became increasingly in...
Hugo's religious views changed radically over the course of his life. In his youth, he called himself as a Catholic and professed respect for Church hierarchy and authority. From there he became a non-practicing Catholic, and increasingly expressed anti-catholic views. He had a casual interest in Spiritualism during his exile (where he participated...
Although Hugo's many talents did not include exceptional musical ability, he nevertheless had a great impact on the music world through the endless inspiration that his works provided for composers of the 19th and 20th century. Hugo himself particularly enjoyed the music of Gluck and Weber and greatly admired Beethoven, and rather unusually for his...
When Hugo returned to Paris in 1870, the country hailed him as a national hero. Despite his popularity Hugo lost his bid for reelection to the National Assembly in 1872. Within a brief period, he suffered a mild stroke, his daughter Adèle’s internment in an insane asylum, and the death of his two sons. (Adèle's biography inspired the movie The Stor...
Many are not aware that Hugo was almost as prolific in the visual arts as he was in literature, producing more than 4,000 drawings in his lifetime. Originally pursued as a casual hobby, drawing became more important to Hugo shortly before his exile, when he made the decision to stop writing in order to devote himself to politics. Drawing became his...
The people of Guernsey built a statue in Candie Gardens (St. Peter Port) to commemorate his stay in the islands. The City of Paris has preserved his residences Hauteville House, Guernsey and 6, Place des Vosges as museums. The house where he stayed in Vianden, Luxembourg, in 1871 has also become a museum. Hugo is venerated as a saint in the Vietnam...
Published during Hugo's lifetime
1. Odes et poésies diverses(1822) 2. Odes (Hugo)(1823) 3. Han d'Islande (1823) (Hans of Iceland) 4. Nouvelles Odes(1824) 5. Bug-Jargal(1826) 6. Nils Gunnar Lie's history(1826) 7. Odes et Ballades(1826) 8. Cromwell(1827) 9. Les Orientales(1829) 10. Le Dernier jour d'un condamné (1829) (The Last Day of a Condemned Man) 11. Hernani(1830) 12. Notre-Dame de Paris (1831), (The Hunchback of Notre Dame) 13. Marion Delorme(1831) 14. Les Feuilles d'automne(1831) 15. Le roi s'amuse(1832) 16. Lucrèce Bor...
Published after Hugo's death
1. Théâtre en liberté(1886) 2. La fin de Satan(1886) 3. Choses vues(1887) 4. Toute la lyre(1888) 5. Amy Robsart(1889) 6. Les Jumeaux(1889) 7. Actes et ParolesDepuis l'exil, 1876-1885 (1889) 8. Alpes et Pyrénées(1890) 9. Dieu(1891) 10. France et Belgique(1892) 11. Toute la lyre - dernière série(1893) 12. Les fromages(1895) 13. Correspondences - Tome I(1896) 14. Correspondences - Tome II(1898) 15. Les années funestes(1898) 16. Choses vues - nouvelle série(1900) 17. Post-scriptum de ma vie(1901)...
Online texts
1. Works by Victor Hugo at Project Gutenberg 2. Works by Victor Hugo at Internet Archive 3. Works by Victor Hugo at The Online Books Page 4. Political speeches by Victor Hugo: Victor Hugo, My Revenge is Fraternity! 5. Selected Poetry 6. Biography and speech from 1851 Archived 2007-08-08 at the Wayback Machine 7. Obituary in The Times
Online references
1. Afran, Charles (1997). “Victor Hugo: French Dramatist”. Website: Discover France. (Originally published in Grolier Multimedia Encyclopedia, 1997, v.9.0.1.) Retrieved November 2005. 2. Bates, Alfred (1906). “Victor Hugo”. Website: Theatre History. (Originally published in The Drama: Its History, Literature and Influence on Civilization, vol. 9. ed. Alfred Bates. London: Historical Publishing Company, 1906. pp. 11–13.) Retrieved November 2005. 3. Bates, Alfred (1906). “Hernani”. Website: The...
Les Misérables ( / leɪ ˌmɪzəˈrɑːb ( əl ), - blə /, [4] French: [le mizeʁabl]) is a French historical novel by Victor Hugo, first published in 1862, that is considered one of the greatest novels of the 19th century. Les Misérables has been popularized through numerous adaptations for film, television and the stage, including a musical .
- Emile Bayard
- Victor Hugo
- French
- first published in Belgium, when author was in self-imposed exile in Guernsey
Victor-Marie Hugo, novelist, poet, playwright, dramatist, essayist and statesman, (February 26, 1802 – May 22, 1885) is recognized as one of the most influential Romantic writers of the nineteenth century.
Victor-Marie Hugo, vicomte Hugo ( French: [ viktɔʁ maʁi yɡo] ⓘ; 26 February 1802 – 22 May 1885), sometimes nicknamed the Ocean Man, was a French Romantic writer and politician. During a literary career that spanned more than sixty years, he wrote in a variety of genres and forms.
Ninety-Three (Quatrevingt-treize) is the last novel by the French writer Victor Hugo. Published in 1874, three years after the bloody upheaval of the Paris Commune that resulted out of popular reaction to Napoleon III's failure to win the Franco-Prussian War , the novel concerns the Revolt in the Vendée and Chouannerie – the counter ...
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