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A tree of liberty topped with a Phrygian cap set up in Mainz in 1793. Such symbols were used by several revolutionary movements of the time. It took place in both the Americas and Europe, including the United States (1775–1783), Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (1788–1792), France and French-controlled Europe (1789–1814), Haiti (1791–1804), Ireland (1798) and Spanish America (1810 ...
He was unaware of the first fully nuanced theory from 1873 by John Stuart Stuart-Glennie, forgotten by Jaspers' time, and which Stuart-Glennie termed "the moral revolution". [9] [10] [11] Stuart-Glennie and Jaspers both claimed that the Axial Age should be viewed as an objective empirical fact of history, independently of religious considerations.
The Haitian Revolution was a revolution ignited from below, by the underrepresented majority of the population. [160] A huge majority of the supporters of the Haitian revolution were slaves and freed Africans who were severely discriminated against by colonial society and the law. [161]
8.2 France and the Haitian Revolution (1791–1804) ... Colonialism in the modern sense began with the "Age of Discovery", led by the Portuguese, ...
The Popes and European Revolution. Oxford University Press. Hales, E.E.Y., Revolution and Papacy, Doubleday & Co., 1960. Hutton, William Holden. 1908. The age of revolution: being an outline of the history of the church from 1648-1815. Matsumoto-Best, Saho.2003. Britain and the Papacy in the Age of Revolution 1846-1851. Royal Historical Society.
1848: The Revolution of the Intellectuals (Doubleday Anchor Books, 1964), first published by the British Academy in 1944. Rapport, Mike (2009), 1848: Year of Revolution ISBN 978-0-465-01436-1 online review, a standard survey
The Russian Revolution was a period of political and social change in Russia, starting in 1917. ... Since the Age of Enlightenment, Russian intellectuals had promoted ...
