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  1. www.britannica.com › topic › AlcatrazAlcatraz | Prison, Island, History & Facts | Britannica

    Alcatraz, former maximum-security prison located on Alcatraz Island in San Francisco Bay, off the coast of California. Alcatraz, originally envisioned as a naval defense fortification, was designated a residence for military offenders in 1861, and it housed a diverse collection of prisoners in its

  2. www.nps.gov › alca › learnHistory & Culture - Alcatraz Island (U.S. National Park Service)

    Aug 30, 2023 · Alcatraz has a many-layered history: Civil War fortress, military prison, federal prison, bird sanctuary, first lighthouse on the West Coast, and the birthplace of the American Indian Red Power movement: These are just a few of the fascinating stories of the Rock.

  3. www.bop.gov › about › historyBOP: Alcatraz - Federal Bureau of Prisons

    In 1775, the Spanish explorer Juan Manuel de Ayala was the first to sail into what is now known as San Francisco Bay - his expedition mapped the bay and named one of the three islands Alcatraces. Over time, the name was Anglicized to Alcatraz.

  4. www.nps.gov › alca › indexAlcatraz Island (U.S. National Park Service)

    Jan 12, 2024 · This small island was once a fort, a military prison, and a maximum security federal penitentiary. In 1969, the Indians of All Tribes occupied Alcatraz for 19 months in the name of freedom and Native American civil rights. We invite you to explore Alcatraz's complex history and natural beauty.

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  6. en.wikipedia.org › wiki › Alcatraz_Federal_PenitentiaryAlcatraz Federal Penitentiary - Wikipedia

    The site of a fort since the 1850s, the main prison building was built in 1910–12 as a U.S. Army military prison . The United States Department of Justice acquired the United States Disciplinary Barracks, Pacific Branch, on Alcatraz on October 12, 1933.

  7. www.britannica.com › summary › Alcatraz-IslandHistory of Alcatraz Island | Britannica

    Alcatraz Island, Rocky island in San Francisco Bay, California, U.S. It has an area of 22 acres (9 hectares) and is located 1.5 mi (2 km) offshore from the city of San Francisco. The site of the first lighthouse (1854) on the California coast, it became an army garrison (1859) and a military prison (1868).

  8. www.smithsonianmag.com › history › history-alcatraz-captivating-hold-180973329Alcatraz’s Captivating Hold on History - Smithsonian Magazine

    HISTORY. Alcatraz’s Captivating Hold on History. Fifty years after Native American activists occupied the island, take a look back at the old prison in San Francisco Bay. Ben Crair....

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