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Louis Joseph Xavier François (22 October 1781 – 4 June 1789) was Dauphin of France as the second child and first son of King Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette. As son of a king of France, he was a fils de France ("Child of France"). Louis Joseph died aged seven from tuberculosis and was succeeded as Dauphin (and thus heir-apparent) by his four ...
Apr 12, 2024 · Louis Joseph, duke of Vendome, one of French King Louis XIV’s leading generals during the War of the Spanish Succession (1701–14). He was also made commander of the army of King Philip V of Spain in 1710, and he won major victories that assured Philip of his throne.
- The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
- Military Education
- Campaign in Canada
- Seige of Quebec
- Legacy
Louis-Joseph de Montcalm was born at the Château de Candiac, in Languedoc, France on 28 February 1712, to a family of the lesser nobility, with a tradition of military service dating back to the 17th century. He began his own military career at the age of nine, when his parents purchased him a training position in the Hainaut regiment. He was promo...
In 1755, Montcalm was staying at Versailles when he was asked to take command of the French forces in North America, which had already engaged in major confrontations with the British. The 44-year-old veteran was appointed to the rank of maréchal de camp(general). He accepted this commission reluctantly: he did not desire it for himself, but the la...
Montcalm’s promotion made him almost equal in rank to Governor Pierre de Rigaud de Vaudreuil, with whom his relations were tense, but he still had to consider the governor’s views before taking action. In the summer of 1759, Quebec City was attacked by a British expeditionary force led by General James Wolfe. The 10,000 British soldiers formed a sm...
In 2001, Montcalm’s remains were transferred to the cemetery of the Hôpital-Général de Québec in a ceremony led by Quebec premier Bernard Landry. Montcalm lies there still, in a mausoleum dedicated to him. Several monuments now honour the memory of this man who gave his life for the defence of New France. One is a statue on the façade of Quebec’s p...
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Louis-Joseph de Montcalm. Library of Congress. Title Commander-in-Chief. Affiliation French. Date of Birth - Death February 28, 1712 - September 14, 1759. Louis-Joseph de Montcalm was born February 28, 1712 to Louis-Daniel de Montcalm of the House of Montcalm, a noble family of Nimes, France and Marie-Therese de Pierre.
Louis-Joseph de Montcalm-Gozon, Marquis de Montcalm de Saint-Veran (French pronunciation: [lwi ʒozɛf də mɔ̃kalm ɡʁozɔ̃]; 28 February 1712 – 14 September 1759) was a French soldier best known as the commander of the forces in North America during the Seven Years' War (whose North American theatre is also referred to as the French and ...
- Plains of Abraham, Quebec City, Quebec
- Regiment d'Auxerrois, Regiment de Montcalm, Commander-in-chief, New France
- 1721–1759
- Lieutenant General
Mar 27, 2024 · Louis-Joseph de Montcalm-Grozon, marquis de Montcalm (born Feb. 28, 1712, Candiac, France—died Sept. 14, 1759, Quebec) was a general who served as commander in chief of French forces in Canada (1756–59) during the Seven Years’ War, a worldwide struggle between Great Britain and France for colonial possessions.
At the age of nine, on 16 Aug. 1721, Louis-Joseph de Montcalm was commissioned an ensign in the R giment d’Hainaut. Eight years later he obtained a captaincy, no doubt by purchase, in the same regiment. Not until 1732, however, did he begin his active military career.
