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- The federal courts are: Supreme courts, mandated by article 95 of the Basic Law Federal Court of Justice (supreme court of ordinary jurisdiction) Federal Administrative Court (supreme court of administrative jurisdiction) Federal Fiscal Court (supreme court of financial jurisdiction) Federal Labour Court (supreme court of labour jurisdiction)
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The courts are characterized by being specialist, regional, and hierarchically integrated at the federal level. [3] There are five basic types of courts, plus the Federal Constitutional Court and the Länder's constitutional courts: [3] Ordinary courts, dealing with criminal and most civil cases.
The federal courts are: Supreme courts, mandated by article 95 of the Basic Law Federal Court of Justice (supreme court of ordinary jurisdiction) Federal Administrative Court (supreme court of administrative jurisdiction) Federal Fiscal Court (supreme court of financial jurisdiction) Federal Labour Court (supreme court of labour jurisdiction)
Criminal trials in Germany are conducted in front of three (or two depending on the complexity of the case) professional judges and always two lay judges (jurors); all judges hearing the case have the same vote and there is a 2/3 requirement for all decisions that are negative for a defendant, e.g. guilty vs. not guilty or a higher punishment ...
According to the German Constitution, there are courts on the federal level which are the Federal Constitutional Court and five federal supreme courts, this is to say . 1. the Federal Court of Justice (Bundesgerichtshof) 2. the Federal Labour Court (Bundesarbeitsgericht) 3. the Federal Social Court (Bundessozialgericht)
The Federal Court of Justice (Bundesgerichtshof – BGH) is Germany’s highest court of civil and criminal jurisdiction, i.e. “ordinary jurisdiction”. The Federal Court of Justice was instituted on 1 October 1950 and has its seat in Karlsruhe.
as the appellate court. Due to the federal structure of Germany, these lower courts are subject to the organisational authority of the constituent states. However, the Federal Court of Justice is a Federal Court. In terms of organisation, it is subordinate to the Federal Ministry of Justice. Apart from ordinary jurisdiction there are
Federal Constitutional Court, in Germany, special court for the review of judicial and administrative decisions and legislation to determine whether they are in accord with the Basic Law (constitution) of the country.
