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Research Ethics Handbook Version 1.1 Page 4 Revised May 2015 1 Philosophy of research ethics Plato (427 - 347BCE) was a student of Socrates and in his writing transmits Socrates’ teachings. The main thrust of this comes in his middle and later periods, the Republic being the most important.
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Ethics is the division in the field of philosophy that deals with values and morals. It is a topic that people may disagree on because it is based on people's personal value systems. What one person or group considers good or right might be considered bad or wrong by another person or group.
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People also ask
What is research ethics?
What are ethical principles in research?
What is a research ethics Handbook?
Why is it important to adhere to ethical norms in research?
There is even a specialized discipline, research ethics, which studies these norms. There are several reasons why it is important to adhere to ethical norms in research. First, norms promote the aims of research, such as knowledge, truth, and avoidance of error.
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- 1.3 Research is generally understood as an enterprise invested with mutual respect and trust between researchers2, participants3, stakeholders4, academic and public audiences. As such it is subject to ethical review to ensure that it is conducted in accordance with its responsibilities to individual participants and the wider public. Most particularly the ethical review of research is intended to:
- 1.4 The ethical dimensions of research relate to issues of research integrity and as such involve more than these specific responsibilities to take account the interests of the public and the researchers to incorporate the credibility and standing of scholarly research. Some of these dimensions include:
- 2.1.6 Six Principles governing research at the University of Gloucestershire:
- 2.6.1.5 Research where the research topic is one dealing with sensitive aspects of the subject’s or participant’s behaviour, or where proposals for research involve vulnerable populations. With the exception of children and young people (below), in all cases ‘sensitivity’ shall be a judgement determined by an assessment of:
- 2.6.3.5 In reviewing applications for ethical approval, REC/SREP will:
- Staff research, including applications to Research Councils
- Postgraduate research degree students: ⇒
- Postgraduate taught students:
- Undergraduate students:
- 3.3.2.1 Terms of Reference
- 3.3.2.2 Membership
- 3.3.2.3 Reporting Lines
- 3.3.2.4 SREP Terms of Office
- 3.4.2.1.1 The Research Ethics Committee (REC) is responsible to the Research Degrees Committee (RDC) for:
- 3.4.2.1.2 The Research Ethics Committee (REC) is responsible to the Research Committee (RC) for:
- 3.4.2.2 REC Membership
- 3.4.2.3 Reporting Lines
ensure that any foreseeable harm to the physical, psychological, social well-being, health, values and dignity of participants, researchers and other stakeholders is minimised; and that the rights of participants, researchers and other stakeholders are upheld, including participants’ right to informed consent, privacy, confidentiality and anonymi...
The collection, use, and interpretation of research data Methods for reporting and reviewing research plans or findings Relationships among researchers Relationships between researchers and those that will be affected by their research Means for responding to misunderstandings, disputes, or misconduct Options for promoting ethical conduct in rese...
Autonomy/respect – participants’ ability to think, decide and act freely. Autonomous individuals are able to make independent decisions, while those with diminished autonomy are entitled to protection; This principle of respect underpins core practices including informed consent, protection of vulnerable participants’ rights to privacy, anonymity a...
the research questions the research design the recruitment procedures;
Review and approve, or withhold proposals for proposed research projects; Review and approve, or withhold approval for amendments to previously approved research protocols where there have been changes to research design; Recommend amendments and enhancements where there are deficits in a submission; Require the halting of research where substant...
For members of Research Units and Institutes: the Head of Research Unit/Institute For other members of staff: the relevant School Research Ethics Lead REC
Gatekeepers for Research Student projects Thesis ⇒ advisor Lead REC ⇒ School Research Degrees Lead School Research Ethics ⇒ Thesis advisors are expected to guide students through the gatekeeping process.
Gatekeepers for students in taught Postgraduate programmes Dissertation Advisor/Module Tutor Dissertation advisors are expected to ⇒ School Research Ethics Lead SREP guide students through the gatekeeping ⇒ process.
Gatekeepers for students in taught undergraduate programmes Dissertation Advisor/Module Tutor ⇒ School Research Ethics Lead Dissertation advisors are expected to guide students through the gatekeeping ⇒ SREP process.
The Terms of Reference for SREPs are: To consider research projects by students in undergraduate and postgraduate taught programmes for approval, referral to Research Ethics Committee (REC), or referral back to the applicant in accordance with the principles expressed in this handbook on a regular basis, noting that; all cross institutional, intern...
The membership of the SREP shall be: School Research Ethics Lead (Chair); at least two School members who are experienced dissertation or thesis supervisors; the SREP may co-opt members (e.g. Insurance officer, external advisor) for advice on specific proposals where necessary; officer (provided by the School Administration team) (non-member).
Reporting lines for the SREP are: For staff development and policy issues: REC; For post-graduate taught and under-graduate taught programmes: Head of School.
Three years for all members. The SREP shall, in consultation with REC, consider requests for approval of modules for ethics purposes where research-like activities are uncontentious. The SREP shall maintain a record of all projects given ethics approval, either on a case-by-case consideration by the Panel or under a system of approval of modules or...
a) the approval or referral of staff and research degree student’s investigations in accordance with the principles expressed in Research Ethics: a Handbook of Principles and Procedures on a regular basis.
monitoring the appropriateness and effectiveness of procedures for granting or withholding ethical approval mechanisms for research; reviewing and, if necessary, recommending revisions to Research Ethics: a Handbook of Principles and Procedures; advice on policy issues related to research ethics as determined and requested by the Research Committee...
Chair (nominated by the Dean of Academic Development) Head of Postgraduate Research One representative from each School who shall be the School Research Ethics Lead Finance and Planning Insurance Manager Up to 2 external lay members appointed by the Dean of Academic Development in consultation with the Chair The Committee may co-opt external ...
REC shall report outcomes of consideration of research degrees to RDC. REC shall report all other matters to RC.
Objectives (students will be able to): 1. Explain the purpose of the relevant rules and regulations relating to the use of animals in research; 2. List the ethical concerns posed by the use of nonhuman animals; 3. Develop guidelines for evaluating the appropriateness of using animals in a research project; 4.
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Research ethics are a set of principles and guidelines that shape and guide the way any research involving sentient beings (i.e. people and animals) is designed, conducted, managed, used and disseminated.
APA's Ethics Code mandates that psychologists who conduct research should inform participants about: The purpose of the research, expected duration and procedures. Participants' rights to decline to participate and to withdraw from the research once it has started, as well as the anticipated consequences of doing so.
