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References. Phalangium is a genus of harvestmen that occur mostly in the Old World. The best known species is Phalangium opilio, which is so common in many temperate regions that it is simply called "harvestman". [1] Species. The genus Phalangium contains the following species: [2] Phalangium aegyptiacum Savigny, 1816 (Egypt)
In addition to the 6 valid names from the above list, the genus Bactrophalangium (with its 2 species) has been synonymized into Phalangium, 8 species have been described since 2005 and one species described in 1953 is missing from the above list, making a total of 17 species currently recognized as valid.
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Range. Holarctic, native to the Palaearctic. It has been introduced to North America, North Africa and New Zealand. Habitat. Common in disturbed, anthropogenic habitats (e.g., agricultural fields, urban areas). Food. Soft-bodied animals such as aphids, caterpillars, leafhoppers, beetle larvae, mites, slugs, etc.
Phalangium opilio. (Arachnida: Opiliones, Phalangiidae) Harvestman, Daddy longlegs, Harvest spider. Of the many species of harvestmen known, P. opilio tends to be the most common in relatively disturbed habitats such as most crops in temperate regions. Like the spiders and most adult mites, harvestmen have two major body sections and eight legs ...
The species has been introduced to North America, North Africa and New Zealand from Europe. In North America, it occurs in non-desert regions of southern Canada and the United States. Habitat. This species can be found in a wide range of open habitats, including meadows, bogs, and forests.
- P. opilio
- Phalangium
Phalangiidae. The Phalangiidae are a family of harvestmen with about 380 known species. The best known is Phalangium opilio. Dicranopalpus ramosus is an invasive species in Europe . It is not to be confused with the harvestman family Phalangodidae, which belongs to the suborder Laniatores .
In Guruia africana ( Staręga, 1984 ), Zacheus crista ( Šilhavý, 1965 ), and some European populations of Phalangium opilio ( De Lerma, 1952; Martens, 1978 ), males show great allometric variation in chelicerae and pedipalpal size, but it is not clear whether this variation is continuous or discrete. Table 1.
