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Goidelic languages historically formed a dialect continuum stretching from Ireland through the Isle of Man to Scotland. There are three modern Goidelic languages: Irish ( Gaeilge ), Scottish Gaelic ( Gàidhlig ), and Manx ( Gaelg ). Manx died out as a first language in the 20th century but has since been revived to some degree.
Goidelic languages, one of two groups of the modern Celtic languages; the group includes Irish, Manx, and Scottish Gaelic.The Goidelic languages originated in Ireland and are distinguished from the other group of Insular Celtic tongues—the Brythonic—by the retention of the sound q (later developing to k, spelled c), where Brythonic has developed a p sound.
- The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
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Old Irish, also called Old Gaelic [1] [2] [3] ( Old Irish: Goídelc, Ogham script: ᚌᚑᚔᚇᚓᚂᚉ; Irish: Sean-Ghaeilge; Scottish Gaelic: Seann-Ghàidhlig; Manx: Shenn Yernish or Shenn Ghaelg ), is the oldest form of the Goidelic/Gaelic language for which there are extensive written texts. It was used from c. 600 to c. 900.
- 6th century–10th century; evolved into Middle Irish by around the 10th century
The term Irish Gaelic may be seen when English speakers discuss the relationship between the three Goidelic languages (Irish, Scottish Gaelic and Manx). Gaelic is a collective term for the Goidelic languages, and when the context is clear it may be used without qualification to refer to each language individually. When the context is specific ...
Old Irish was a Goidelic language, and modern Goidelic languages like Irish and Scots Gaelic came from it. [1] People speaking Insular Celtic languages probably first came to Ireland at the start of the Iron Age, about 500 BC. [2] By around 500 AD, people in Ireland all had the same Goidelic language and culture. [2]
Scottish Gaelic ( / ˈɡælɪk /, GAL-ick; endonym: Gàidhlig [ˈkaːlɪkʲ] ⓘ ), also known as Scots Gaelic or simply Gaelic, is a Goidelic language (in the Celtic branch of the Indo-European language family) native to the Gaels of Scotland. As a Goidelic language, Scottish Gaelic, as well as both Irish and Manx, developed out of Old Irish. [3]
The Goidelic substrate hypothesis refers to the hypothesized language or languages spoken in Ireland before the arrival of the Goidelic languages. Hypothesis of non-Indo-European languages [ edit ] Ireland was settled , like the rest of northern Europe , after the retreat of the ice sheets c. 10,500 BC. [1]
