Search results
Irish orthography. This article uses the IPA to transcribe Irish. Readers familiar with other conventions may wish to see Help:IPA/Irish for a comparison of the IPA system with those used in learners' materials. Irish orthography is the set of conventions used to write Irish.
He is credited with Sanas Cormaic (Cormac's Glossary). Lexicography evolved in order to serve one of two needs i.e. in order to explain in a simple way difficult words and expressions or in order to explain the words and expressions of one language in another. In this case we can trace the tradition of lexicography in Irish back to the 8th century.
Origin. Use. In Unicode. Samples. Gallery. See also. References. Sources. External links. Gaelic type (sometimes called Irish character, Irish type, or Gaelic script) is a family of Insular script typefaces devised for printing Classical Gaelic.
- Left-to-right
Orthography. As with most medieval languages, the orthography of Old Irish is not fixed, so the following statements are to be taken as generalisations only. Individual manuscripts may vary greatly from these guidelines. The Old Irish alphabet consists of the following eighteen letters of the Latin alphabet:
- 6th century–10th century; evolved into Middle Irish by around the 10th century
Especially common is the symbol for agus (and): In modern writings, this is replaced by a 7 (e.g. 7rl. = agus araile = and so on). Still common is .i. the sign for id est, in English i.e.. Written out it would be in Irish: eadhon = es (is) (an emphatic form of ea)
Close vowels. The four close vowel phonemes of Irish are the fully close /iː/ and /uː/, and the near-close /ɪ/ and /ʊ/. Their exact pronunciation depends on the quality of the surrounding consonants. /iː/ is realized as a front [iː] between two slender consonants (e.g. tír [tʲiːrʲ] 'country').
Prior the 1981 Gaelic Orthographic Convention (GOC), Scottish Gaelic traditionally used acute accents on a, e, o to denote close-mid long vowels, clearly graphemically distinguishing è /ɛː/ and é /eː/, and ò /ɔː/ and ó /oː/. However, since the 1981 GOC and its 2005 and 2009 revisions, standard orthography only uses the grave accent.
