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  2. Number theory (or arithmetic or higher arithmetic in older usage) is a branch of pure mathematics devoted primarily to the study of the integers and arithmetic functions. German mathematician Carl Friedrich Gauss (1777–1855) said, "Mathematics is the queen of the sciences—and number theory is the queen of mathematics." [1]

  3. Algebraic number theory is a branch of number theory that uses the techniques of abstract algebra to study the integers, rational numbers, and their generalizations. Number-theoretic questions are expressed in terms of properties of algebraic objects such as algebraic number fields and their rings of integers , finite fields , and function fields .

  4. Number theory. Number theory is a part of mathematics. It explains what some types of numbers are, what properties they have, and ways that they can be useful. Topics in number theory are: Prime numbers. Factorization.

  5. May 28, 2020 · Abstract. ‘What is number theory?’ puts number theory in its historical context, from the Pythagoreans to the present, explaining integers (whole numbers), prime numbers (the building blocks of number theory) squares and cubes, and perfect numbers (numbers whose factors add up to the number itself). How long can gaps between prime numbers be?

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