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- The modern Celtic languages are divided into two subfamilies: the Goidelic (or Gaelic) languages and the Brythonic (or Brittonic) languages. The two subfamilies can also be referred to as P-Celtic and Q-Celtic. P-Celtic refers to the Brythonic/Brittonic languages, and Q-Celtic refers to the Goidelic/Gaelic languages.
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What is the difference between P Celtic and Q Celtic languages?
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Other scholars (such as Schmidt 1988) make the primary distinction between P-Celtic and Q-Celtic languages based on the replacement of initial Q by initial P in some words. Most of the Gallic and Brittonic languages are P-Celtic, while the Goidelic and Hispano-Celtic (or Celtiberian) languages are Q-Celtic.
- 50= (phylozone)
The division of Celtic languages into Q- and P-families depends on whether they retained the Indo-European qu-or substituted a p-. The substitution of p- for qu- probably took place in the first millennium bc in central Europe and spread to the west, but not as far as Ireland or the Celtic areas of the Iberian peninsula.
- Sound Changes
- Notes
- Information About Celtic Languages
Some words beginning with p or b in the Brythonic or P-Celtic languages begin with c, k or qu (/k/) in the Goidelic or Q-Celtic languages. For example, head is pen in Welsh and ceannin Irish.Some words beginning with gw in the Brythonic languages begin with f in the Goidelic languages. For example, hair is gwallt in Welsh and faltin Scottish Gaelic.Some words beginning with s(e/i) /ʃ/ in the Goidelic languages begin with h in the Brythonic languages. For example, old is sean in Irish and henin Welsh.The only word in these examples that is similar in all the languages is name: ainm (Irish), ainm (Scottish Gaelic), ennym (Manx), anv (Breton), hanow (Cornish) and enw(Welsh).The word for what - Cén (Irish), De (Scottish Gaelic), Cre (Manx), Petra (Breton), Pyth (Cornish) and Beth(Welsh) - illustrates one of the sound differences between the branches of the Celtic langu...There are more similarities within each branch of these languages than between the branches (Gaelic and Brythonic), and the Gaelic languages are closer to one another than are the Brythonic languages.There are other versions of these phrases: see the What's your name?phrases page.Breton, Celtiberian, Cornish, Cumbric, Gaulish, Irish, Lepontic, Lusitanian, Manx, Scottish Gaelic, Tartessian, Welsh [top] Why not share this page: If you like this site and find it useful, you can support it by making a donation via PayPal or Patreon, or by contributing in other ways. Omniglot is how I make my living. Note: all links on this site...
Apr 16, 2024 · Quick Reference. The division of the Celtic languages into Q- and P-families depends on whether they retained the Indo-European qu- or substituted a p-. The substitution of p- for qu- probably took place in the first millennium bc in central Europe and spread to the west, but not as far as Ireland or the Celtic areas of the Iberian peninsula.
Apr 5, 2024 · The terms P-Celtic and Q-Celtic are sometimes used to describe assumed divisions of Common Celtic; to use one sound shift to distinguish dialects is, however, hardly justified, and the classification will not be used in this article.
Oddly enough, the other major difference between "Q-Celtic" and "P-Celtic" is the substitution of "f" and "g". In the Q branch, the letter "f" appears where in the P branch the letter "g" appears: Q-Celtic. fir (man) fionn (white) P-Celtic. gwr (man) gwyn (white) And so on.
Introduction. Celtic languages constitute one distinct branch of the Indo-European languages. The modern Celtic languages are divided into two subfamilies: the Goidelic (or Gaelic) languages and the Brythonic (or Brittonic) languages. The two subfamilies can also be referred to as P-Celtic and Q-Celtic.
